Eastern Equine Encephalitis: A Serious Mosquito-Borne Disease

What is Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE)?

Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) is a rare but deadly virus that can be transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. The virus is found in the eastern United States, particularly in the Atlantic and Gulf Coast regions.

Symptoms of EEE

The symptoms of EEE can vary, but they typically include:

• Fever
• Headache
• Chills

In severe cases, EEE can lead to:

• Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)
• Meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord)
• Death

Prevention of EEE

There is no specific cure for EEE, but there are a number of things you can do to reduce your risk of infection:

• Avoid being outdoors during peak mosquito hours (dusk and dawn)
• Wear long sleeves and pants when you are outdoors
• Use insect repellent containing DEET, picaridin, IR3535, or oil of lemon eucalyptus
• Make sure your window and door screens are in good repair
• Eliminate standing water around your home, where mosquitoes can breed

Treatment of EEE

There is no specific cure for EEE, but supportive care can help to improve the chances of survival. This may include:

• Intravenous fluids
• Antiviral medications
• Respiratory support

Outlook for EEE

The outcome of EEE can vary depending on the severity of the infection. About 30% of people who develop EEE die, and those who survive may have long-term neurological problems, such as:

• Seizures
• Cognitive impairment
• Paralysis